Spread over 9,000,000 quadrate kilometres, Sahara is one of the largest deserts in the world, exterior most of Northern Africa. Tracing back to the history of Sahara, Berbers, Egyptians, Nubians, Phoenicians and Greeks were a few aged inhabitants of the Sahara. Berbers, being the oldest inhabitants, have always posed threats to other inhabitants. The urban civilization constituted of the Garamantes, who spread rapidly but at last crumpled.
Finally, the Arabs placed and trading became popular. With this trading process, the Oasis communities started to live in interdependence with the Arabs. Salt, cloth, gold, manufactured goods, horses and etc. Were traded surrounded by communities. The camel was used as a trading source, which was introduced in the first century (A.D). This trade continued even between dissimilar parts of the Europe. The first few European explorers to be in Sahara were Friedrich Horneman and Mungo Park, in 1805 and 1806.
Battle For Tripoli
Sahara is known to be a stone desert, constituting of more than 70% rocks and gravel and colse to 15% sand dunes. Some of the region of Sahara is still unexplored, while most citizen tour because of fine routes and roads. Minute vegetation is also seen in Sahara in some of its parts. The highest peak in the Sahara is Emi Koussi, a shield volcano in the Tibesti range of northern Chad.
Being placed in such a place, the Sahara has a warmer climate. The wind blows oftentimes and at very high speeds. Day temperatures are high and dusty winds blow across the North and South of Sahara. After long durations of dry and warm weather, the desert does have heavy rain falls that last for months and years. Sahara recorded the highest climatic characteristic in September, which was 58 degrees. Coarse climatic characteristic at night is 30 degrees.
Sahara has gone though both wet and dry weathers over a few decades that resulted in the contraction of Sahara, drying out its Northern part, while South was saved by heavy rains and monsoons. Today, Sahara is dry as it was decades ago.
A few countries that Sahara covers partly or wholly are Algeria, Chad, Morocco, Libya, Egypt, Mali, Niger, Mauritania, Sudan, Tunisia and Western Sahara. Some of the Sahara languages consist of Arabic (all across Atlantic till red sea), afro-asiatic, nilo-saharan, kanuri, Tegada and many more.
Many Highways have also been introduced in Sahara since quite some time now, namely Trans African highways, Cairo Dakar highways, Trans Sahara highway, Tripoli-Cape Town Highway, Cairo- Cape Town Highway etc.
The Sahara also covers many eco-regions, which consist of Atlantic coastal desert, Sahara desert, South Saharan steppe and woodlands, West Saharan montane xeric woodloands, Tibesti Jebel Uweinat montane xeric woodlands, Saharan Halophytics and Tanezrouft. colse to 2,000,000 citizen are living in Sahara now, together with some 700,000 nomads.
Several mountain ranges, many volcanic, rise from the Sahara desert, together with the Air Mountains, Ahaggar Mountains, Saharan Atlas, Tibesti Mountains, Adrar des Iforas, and the Red Sea hills. Similarly, many animals like ostrich, sand vipers, camels, lizards, African dog and cheetah live there.
The History of the Sahara
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